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How Is Social Security Calculated?

Your Social Security retirement benefit is calculated using your Average Indexed Monthly Earnings (AIME) derived from your 35 highest-earning years, adjusted for inflation.

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The SSA applies a progressive formula to your AIME to produce your Primary Insurance Amount (PIA), which is the monthly benefit you receive if you claim at exactly your Full Retirement Age. Because the formula is progressive, lower lifetime earners receive a higher percentage replacement than higher earners. If you have fewer than 35 years of earnings on record, the SSA fills the remaining years with zeros, which reduces your average and lowers your benefit. For 2026, the average monthly retirement benefit is approximately $2,081, while the maximum for someone who worked at or above the wage base their entire career and delayed claiming to age 70 is around $5,181 per month. Reviewing your earnings record annually at SSA.gov helps ensure accuracy, since errors in your record can directly reduce your benefit.

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